Research consistently finds that fathers who take time off work when their children are born exhibit higher levels of paternal engagement relative to fathers who do not take time off work. This study aims to identify one possible mediating factor: fathers' co-residence with their children and their children's biological mothers over time. The current study uses data from the Fragile Families and Wellbeing Study and structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine the relationships between fathers' time off work when their children were born, residence with their children and their children's biological mothers, and levels of father-child engagement (n = 2,453). Results indicated that the number of weeks taken off work was positively associated with men's subsequent residence with their children and children's mothers when their children were five-years-old, which in turn was positively associated with paternal engagement.